In which conditions is arterial blood collection primarily performed?

Arterial blood collection is primarily performed to assess blood gases and pH because arterial blood provides accurate information about oxygenation and carbon dioxide levels directly from the bloodstream. This is crucial for evaluating respiratory and metabolic functions. The arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis measures parameters such as pH, partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate levels, which are essential for diagnosing and monitoring various conditions such as respiratory diseases, metabolic disorders, and critical illness.

Routine blood screening and tests like blood typing and transfusion compatibility are typically conducted using venous blood instead of arterial blood. Venous samples are more easily collected and less invasive, making them suitable for these purposes. Therefore, the specific requirements and physiological values obtained from arterial blood make it primarily valuable in assessing blood gases and acid-base balance.