What is a common complication if venipuncture is not performed correctly?

Hematoma formation is a common complication of improper venipuncture procedures. This occurs when blood leaks out of the blood vessel and accumulates in the surrounding tissue, resulting in swelling and discoloration at the puncture site. If the needle is inserted too deeply or if it penetrates the vein wall, blood can escape into the subcutaneous tissue. Additionally, if pressure is not applied to the site after the needle is withdrawn, it increases the risk of a hematoma developing.

Understanding the mechanics of venipuncture helps in minimizing risks such as hematoma formation. Proper technique, including careful selection of the vein, appropriate angle of needle insertion, and applying pressure afterward to prevent leakage, is crucial in avoiding this complication.